Land desertification has become reality in the harsh conditions of climate change in Vietnam. Many areas in the country are facing this situation. To prevent and mitigate the enormous damage caused by desertification, the State government of Vietnam should have an effective solution at national and local levels.
1. The national-level solutions
National-level solutions involve the development of irrigation facilities, afforestation and forest conservation. Desertification prevention is an urgent and long-term strategic issue that requires the coordination of many sectors and fields. In particular, scientific- technology irrigation solution is regarded as dominant while the solutions in terms of land are supporting ones. These solutions need large investment and responsibility of the State government.
2. Local-level solutions.
- Carrying out propaganda and early warning of the impacts of climate change and desertification so that people are willing to implement adaptation measures when bad situations occur.
- Zoning, planting and strictly protecting natural forests on steep mountainous areas; maintaining and increasing soil cover while limiting erosion and runoff on the slopes.
- Mobilizing domestic and foreign capital to invest in network design of reservoirs and the conservation of watershed forests to retain water in the rainy season; combining aquaculture in freshwater and improving microclimate conditions which are very important for the region at risk of desertification.
- Studying the feasibility of establishing new nature reserves, biosphere reserves or national parks to maintain and restore habitat, protect forests, improve environmental conditions and limit the process of climate change and desertification in the region.
- Exerting strict measures to restrict exploitation of mountainous land in key places whose steep is larger than 25°, or > 15° and with soil layers thinner than 50 cm; planning to plant, protect and restore forests on these lands.
- Finding resolute and feasible measures to enhance the protection and restoration of coastal forest to limit sand desertification with the phenomena of flying, flowing sand and the movement of coastal dunes; reduce the devastation of storms, saltwater intrusion to protect the safety of the land in the local areas. The coastal protection forests serve as a green shield blocking and significantly reducing wind speeds.
- Building small ponds to store water with appropriate scale, applying coverage solution to limit the evaporation of surface water and increase groundwater; embattling canals, reducing water loss during transmission process; using modern irrigation and water-saving techniques, such as rain sprinkler on high economic value plants; selecting appropriate crop varieties that use less water with proper planting time; building underground dams along the coast to minimize the loss of fresh water into the sea, increasing groundwater reserves
LÊ MAI
Đăng ký: VietNam News